| 4.1 Introducing MPLS Networks |
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| 4.1.1 The MPLS Conceptual Model |
| 4.1.2 Router Switching Mechanisms |
| 4.1.3 MPLS Basics |
| 4.1.4 MPLS Architecture |
| 4.1.5 Label Switch Routers |
| 4.1.6 LSR Component Architecture |
| 4.2 Assigning MPLS Labels to Packets |
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| 4.2.1 Label Allocation in a Frame Mode MPLS Environment |
| 4.2.2 Label Distribution and Advertisement |
| 4.2.3 Populating the LFIB Table |
| 4.2.4 Packet Propagation Across an MPLS Network |
| 4.2.5 Penultimate Hop Popping |
| 4.3 Implementing Frame Mode MPLS |
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| 4.3.1 The Procedure to Configure MPLS |
| 4.3.2 Step 1: Configure CEF |
| 4.3.3 Configuring MPLS on a Frame Mode Interface |
| 4.3.4 Configuring the MTU Size in Label Switching |
| 4.4 Describing MPLS VPN Technology |
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| 4.4.1 MPLS VPN Architecture |
| 4.4.2 Benefits and Drawbacks of Each VPN Implementation Model |
| 4.4.3 MPLS VPN Architecture |
| 4.4.4 Propagation of Routing Information Across the P-Network |
| 4.4.5 Using RDs in an MPLS VPN |
| 4.4.6 Using Route Targets in an MPLS VPN |
| 4.4.7 End-to-End Routing Information Flow |
| 4.4.8 MPLS VPNs and Packet Forwarding |
| 4.5 MPLS Lab Exercises |
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| 4.5.1 Lab 4.1 Configuring Frame Mode MPLS |
| 4.5.2 Lab 4.2 Challenge Lab: Implementing MPLS VPNs (Optional) |